Syntax: -te form compound verb. Uses intransitive verbs.
Usage: Shows a state that results from a deliberate action.
Explanation: While あるby itself shows that something exists, when it is used after the -te form of a transitive verb it shows what somebody did to it to get it into the state it is in now. This is in contrast to いる, which has a similar structure, but is used with intransitive verbs and shows what happened, rather than what was done.
Example:
まどが開けてあります。
The window has been opened
Note that even though the verb is transitive, が not を is used because the particle agrees with the final ある, not the -te form before it.
Syntax: -te form compound verb. Uses intransitive verbs.
Usage: Shows a state that results from a deliberate action.
Even though the verb is transitive, が not を is used because the particle agrees with the final ある, not the -te form before it.
Example:
The window has been opened
Explanation: We’ve seen how が, not を is used with the -てある form. When we are talking about what has been done to something that is the topic of the conversation, がchanges to は.
Example:
［メモは］机の上に置いてあります
Structure excerpts
Structure: [Verb (-te form)] いる
Syntax: -te compound verb ending
Meaning: State resulting from the action of the verb
窓が割れています。
Structure: Nが [verb (-te form)] いる
Syntax: N ga [clause]
Meaning: expressing the result of an intransitive verb
このコップは割れています。
Structure: Nは [verb (-te form)] + いる
Syntax: は replacing が
Meaning: When the subject is also the topic
てしまう
Structure: [Verb (-te form)] しまう
Syntax: -te compound verb ending
Meaning: Completion of an action
てしまう
Structure: [Verb (-te form)] しまう
Syntax: -te compound verb ending
Meaning: To describe a regretful situation.
かばんがありました
Structure: N が あった。
Syntax: V-ta
Meaning: To show something has been found, not that it existed in the past.
どこかで・どこかに
Structure: どこかで・どこかに
Syntax: Special pronoun + で orに, omission of particle
Explanation: When adding を or へ to どこ, the particle can be omitted, but with で andに, the particle has to be included.
