第35課

This lesson introduces a new conditional form, the -ば or えば form, and its equivalent for nouns, なら.

Morphology

  • The conditional form – verbs

    The conditional form of Japanese of verbs is constructed differently depending on whether the verb is a -ru, -u or irregular verb

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  • The conditional form – い adjectives

    The conditional form of an い adjective is made by simply changing the final い to ければ

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  • The conditional form – な adjectives

    The conditional form of an な adjective is made by simply changing the final な to なら

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  • The conditional form – nouns

    The conditional form of the copula is なら

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Structures

  • [Predicate:conditional], [predicate]

    A predicate in the conditional verb form describes a condition that if it is fulfilled, a second predicate, the result, will happen.

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Usage

  • ボタンを押せば、コーヒーが出ます。

    To describe what is needed for a certain event to take place future.

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  • お金があれば、何でもできるね。

    The conditional form can be used to show general truths and beliefs, and is often used in proverbs.

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  • 大阪へ行けば、たこ焼きをたべています。

    The conditional form can be used for a condition that happens often, and always has the same result.

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  • 札幌に住んでいれば、毎日スープカレーを食べる。

    The conditional form can be used to describe a hypothetical situation that might not be true.

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  • 時間があれば、ぜひ遊びにけて下さい。

    Because the condition and result are so tightly bound, when this form is used in an invitation, the invitation is only made if the condition is fulfilled.

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Kanji

  • Kanji 35

    漢字 音 訓 English 学年 村 ソン むら Village 1 活 カツ Activity 2 向 コウ む-く、む-ける、む-かう、む-こう Face towards 3 拾 シュウ ジュウ、ひろ-う Pick up 3 島 トウ しま Island 3 葉 ヨウ は leaf 3 緑 リョク、(ロク) みどり Green 3 変 ヘン か-わる、か-える Change 4 捨 シャ す-てる Throw out 6 珍 チン めずら-しい…